Nigerose’s Efficacy and Application Scenarios
Time：2024-05-09 Hits：123
Nigerose Structure Diagram
Nigerose (CAS:497-48-3) is an oligosaccharide, possessing a molecular formula of C12H22O11 and a molecular weight of 342.30 grams per mole. It typically manifests as a white powder and, to preserve its chemical stability and biological activity, should be stored at a temperature ranging from 2-8°C.
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Product
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CAS
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Grade
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Packaging
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Nigerose
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497-48-3
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food grade
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1Kg; 25Kg
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Nigerose
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497-48-3
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Pharmaceutical Grade
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1Kg; 25Kg
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Nigerose
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497-48-3
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Standard
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5mg ; 10mg
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Effects:
Gut Prebiotic: Nigerose functions as a non-digestible carbohydrate, fostering the proliferation of beneficial bacteria within the intestinal tract. This aids in maintaining or enhancing intestinal health.
Liver Protection: It improves fatty liver disease by influencing fat accumulation within the liver.
Immunity Enhancement: Nigerose elevates the activity of immune cells, thereby strengthening the body's immune response and defending against infections.
Anti-Caries: It exhibits a noteworthy effect in inhibiting the development of dental caries.
Functional Food Applications
Reshaping the Gut Microbiome
In vitro experiments have revealed the impact of nigerose on the intestinal microbiota. Nigerose promotes the proliferation of bifidobacteria, a type of intestinal bacteria known for its potential health benefits. Moreover, the abundance of bifidobacteria can be significantly augmented by pre-conditioning the inoculum in kojibiose medium before plating it into kojibiose- and cellulose-supplemented medium. This study underscores the correlation between disaccharide structure and the functionality of gut bacterial communities, indicating that deliberate manipulation of disaccharide structure can purposefully influence the composition of the gut microbiota, thereby holding potential for the development of strategies to enhance gut health.
Bacterial α-Diglucoside Metabolism: Promising Applications
Nigerose sugar is increasingly incorporated into processed foods and fermented beverages as a potential prebiotic and alternative sweetener. While it impacts the composition of the intestinal microbiota, understanding its specific role and regulatory mechanisms in bacterial metabolism remains limited. Investigating the metabolic pathway of nigerose sugar and its regulation by bacteria not only promises insights into its role in intestinal health but also presents new avenues for biotechnological and biomedical development.
The Anti-Caries Potential of Glycanases
Nigerose emerges as the end product when α-(1-->3)-glucanase hydrolyzes cariogenic Streptococcus glucan. This enzyme holds promise for preventing dental caries by breaking down glucans implicated in tooth cavity formation. Demonstrating its potential for dental applications, the enzyme rapidly generates glucose equivalents within biofilms formed on glass surfaces. This discovery marks the first report of mutant enzymes produced by Paracoccus and introduces novel strategies and research directions for dental treatment and the prevention of dental caries.
Pharmaceutical industry applications
Enhancing Immunity with Nigerose-Oligosaccharide on Mouse T Helper Cells
The immune-enhancing potential of nigerose (melibiose), a component of nigerose-oligosaccharide (NOS), was investigated alongside other black sugars—black acylglucose and black acyl maltose. NOS brown sugar was found to stimulate the proliferation of normal mouse splenocytes and enhance the production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in vitro. Mice fed a diet containing NOS brown sugar exhibited prolonged survival rates following endogenous infection.
Mitigating Low-Temperature Injury in Human Leukemia Cells (HL-60) with Nigerose
Human leukemia cells (HL-60) are susceptible to cryodamage during cryopreservation, and novel cryogenic additives can modulate this susceptibility differently. In a study utilizing malondialdehyde medium, nigerose was introduced as a new low-temperature additive alongside salidroside (Sal) to culture HL-60 cells before and after cryopreservation, aimed at reducing cryodamage. Results indicated significant changes in protein levels in HL-60 cells when compared to traditional DMSO. Nigerose primarily impacted cellular metabolism and energy pathways, while Sal increased protein levels associated with DNA repair/replication, RNA transcription, and cell proliferation. Validation tests revealed a 2.8-fold increase in cell proliferation rate associated with Sal-related proteome profiles. Functionally, both Nigerose and Sal increased glutathione reductase and reduced cytotoxicity by lowering lactate dehydrogenase activity and lipid oxidation.
Metabolism and Health Effects of Rare Sugars in Models of Fatty Liver Disease
The role of rare sugars in mechanisms related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was explored. Rare sugars, characterized by unique monosaccharide structures and glycosidic bonds, have garnered attention as sugar substitutes. Investigating their effects on energy production, hepatocyte physiology, and gene expression in human colon cancer cells, hepatocellular carcinoma G2 (HepG2) hepatocytes, and co-culture models revealed that glucose, fructose, and galactose exacerbated liver fat accumulation in the presence of oleic acid/palmitic acid mixture. In co-culture models, maltose, kojibiose, and nigerose showed higher median fat accumulation, although not significantly so. Moreover, glucose, maltose, kojibiose, and nigerose increased cellular energy production in co-culture models, while trehalose did not exhibit this effect. These findings suggest that sugars exert structure-specific effects on cellular energy production, hepatic fat accumulation, and gene expression.
Specific Binding of Nigerose Sugar to Myeloma Protein
The inhibitory effect of various oligosaccharides and polysaccharides on the binding of MOPC 104E IgM antibody to 125I-labeled controlled pore glass was studied. This approach serves as an efficient model for screening myeloma proteins with unknown hapten binding specificities. Results indicated that the inhibitory efficiency of different haptens correlated well with their known ability to bind MOPC 104E IgM. Notably, B1355S glucan, nigerose glycosyl-α(1–3)-nigerose, and nigerose glycosyl-α(1–3)-glucose emerged as potent inhibitors due to their specific interaction with MOPC 104E IgM.
Nigerose Inhibits Pneumococcal Serum Cross-Reaction
The cross-reactions of anti-pneumococcal sera with dextrans were investigated. Dextrans with a high proportion of 1,3-like bonds precipitated significant antibody N, while dextrans with a high proportion of 1,2 bonds precipitated approximately two-thirds of this cross-reactive antibody. Inhibition studies revealed nigerose as a potent inhibitor compared to maltose or kojibiose in the cross-reaction of anti-SIX with dextrans with 38% 1,2 bonds and 12% 1,4 bonds.
Efficacy of α-Nigerose in Preventing Sepsis
α-Nigerose, found in Ulmus elata root bark and japonica rice, demonstrated potential as a protective agent against sepsis in in vivo-based assay models. In mouse models, α-Nigerose significantly prevented sepsis, resulting in survival rates of 80%–100% in mice exposed to 10 mg/kg LPS/d-GalN. This suggests potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of α-Nigerose, further supported by reductions in TNF-α, IL-10, and ALT activity levels in plasma, indicating its efficacy in preventing sepsis.
Carrier application
Safeguarding Cell Models from Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Damage using Oxygen Nanocarriers
Nigerose was employed as a component of an innovative oxygen nanocarrier (O-2-CNN) to assess its potential in shielding cell models from hypoxia/reoxygenation damage. In comparison with nitrogen-cyclic Nigerose glycosyl-Nigerose (N-2-CNN), O-2-CNN exhibited a notable protective effect on cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation conditions, resulting in a significant reduction in cell death rates by 15-30%.
Nanosponges Utilizing Cyclic Nigerose-1,6-Nigerose
A novel biomaterial based on tetraglucose, incorporating cyclic nigerosyl-1-6-nigerose (CNN), is introduced. These cross-linked nanoparticles, termed CNN-nanosponges, were developed for the delivery of doxorubicin. The pH-dependent release kinetics of doxorubicin from CNN-nanosponges are discussed, along with in vitro studies demonstrating the enhanced anticancer activity of doxorubicin when loaded into the nanosponges.
References:
1. Claudia Penna, et al. Cyclic Nigerosyl-Nigerose As Oxygen Nanocarrier To Protect Cellular Models From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury: Implications From An In Vitro Model. International journal of molecular sciences（2021）
2. Y Konishi, et al. Production of nigerose, nigerosyl glucose, and nigerosyl maltose by Acremonium sp. S4G13.. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry（2014）
3. Cecelia A. Garcia, et al. Bacterial Alpha-Diglucoside Metabolism: Perspectives And Potential For Biotechnology And Biomedicine. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology（2021）
4. F Caldera, et al. Cyclic nigerosyl-1,6-nigerose-based nanosponges: An innovative pH and time-controlled nanocarrier for improving cancer treatment.. Carbohydrate Polymers（2018）
5. Stanley O. Onyango, et al. Glycosidic linkage of rare and new-to-nature disaccharides reshapes gut microbiota in vitro.. Food Chemistry（2023）
6. Kazuyuki Oku, et al. Combined NMR and quantum chemical studies on the interaction between trehalose and dienes relevant to the antioxidant function of trehalose.. Journal of Physical Chemistry B（2005）
7. Yoshitaka Hirose, et al. Nigerooligosaccharides augments mitogen-induced proliferation and suppresses activation-induced apoptosis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology（2004）
8. T V Tittle, et al. Characterization of lambda class antibodies from the BALB/c memory response to a [glucosyl-alpha(1----3) glucosyl]-protein conjugate.Molecular Immunology（1989）
9. R Gehl, et al. MOPC 104E IgM/anti-idiotype solid-phase inhibition assay as a model for screening myeloma proteins for ligand binding specificity. Journal of Immunological Methods（1981）
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